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From: Ilena Rose on 28 May 2007 23:01
Note from Ilena Rosenthal: Thanks to CFM for this important study. It
is highly significant for women with implants and begs further
investigation.


Peripheral Neuropathy: Human Leukocyte
Antigen (HLA) Genetic Studies


http://www.veradyne.com/EDA%20study%20final%20proof.pdf#search=%22Arthur%20Dale%20Ericsson%22

It has been reported, by several authors,16,17,18 that the
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) DR 53 has been consistently
found in patients with fibromyalgia associated
with silicone breast implants.

The HLA DR antigens
are individual loci on lymphocytes and are useful in
designating individual proclivity to specific medical conditions.
Furthermore, DQ2, in those studies, appeared
to be significantly increased in patients with silicone
prostheses and with clinical evidence of disease. DQ2
is associated with DR7 and at the same time in linkage
disequilibrium with DR 3 and DR 52, but the authors
could not find an increased frequency of either B8, DR 3
or DR 52 in those patients with fibromyalgia. The presence
of DR 53 gene was associated with auto-antibodies
to B cells in symptomatic patients but was not associated
with either the DQ1 or DQ2 genes. One of these studies,
that of Young, et. al.,19 reported that HLA DR53
gene was present in 68% of asymptomatic and symptomatic
patients.

However, the asymptomatic patients
also had an increased frequency of DR1 and DR2 genes,
and the DQ genes possibly represented protector genes.
They concluded that symptomatic patients with breast
implants share important DR53 positivity that differentiates
them from asymptomatic patients.

These authors
concluded that a genetic characteristic that predisposes
an individual to mount an immune mediated response
as a consequence of silicone breast implantation as well
as the composition and location of the implant prostheses
may play a role in the body�s response to silicone
exposure. However, other investigators have found the
presence of DQ1 gene present in 75% of symptomatic
patients as well as the decreased frequency of the DR3
and DQ2 genes.20

The current study of over 100 patients with Chronic
Inflammatory Demyelinating Neuropathy associated
with Silicone Breast Implant Adjuvant Disease demonstrates
an equal preponderance of HLA of DR13, DR15,
DR51, DR52 and DR53 genes of 30%, 44%, 32%, 62%
and 46% respectively.

This study supports the thesis that
HLA typing is clearly related to autoimmune sensitivity
to silicone breast implants in those patients with Chronic
Inflammatory Demyelinating Peripheral Neuropathy.
Furthermore, the presence of more than one combination
of DR gene 13+15+51, etc., appears associated with
the more severe and progressive illness.

~~~~~~~~~~~~

www.BreastImplantAwareness.org
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